The Filipino Federation of America

The Filipino Federation of America (FFA) was founded in December 1925 by sakadas--Filipino contract laborers of Hawaii. The FFA was a mutual-aid and quasi-religious society which held to a number of secret beliefs and mystical traditions, led by charismatic and controversial Hilario Moncado. They did not eat red meat, attend gambling events or taxi-hall dances, or go on strike in the fields--members were often used as strikebreakers).